How URL encoding works
Web addresses only allow a small set of characters: unaccented letters, digits and a few punctuation marks. Everything else is encoded. In UTF-8, é consists of the two bytes C3 and A9, so it becomes %C3%A9. A space becomes %20, or + in form data.
URL-encoded
Caf%C3%A9 in Z%C3%BCrich
Decoded
Café in Zürich
The most common URL codes
%C3%A9= é,%C3%A8= è,%C3%A0= à,%C3%A7= ç%C3%BC= ü,%C3%B6= ö,%C3%B1= ñ,%C3%9F= ß%E2%82%AC= €,%E2%80%99= ’,%E2%80%93= –%20= space,%2F= /,%3F= ?,%26= &,%25= %
Older systems encode accents as a single Windows-1252 byte: caf%E9 instead of caf%C3%A9. Mojibuster recognizes that too and turns it into café.
Where URL-encoded text comes from
- Copied links: The browser shows
wikipedia.org/wiki/Zürichnicely, but copying often putsZ%C3%BCrichon the clipboard. - Forms and tracking: Search terms and UTM parameters are stored encoded in server logs and analytics exports, such as
?q=caf%C3%A9. - Exports and APIs: Some newsletter tools, webhooks and APIs store field values URL-encoded – your CSV file then shows codes instead of names.
- File names: Downloads are named
Invoice%20Jos%C3%A9.pdfwhen the server does not decode the name.
Codes and broken characters at once
Sometimes text is broken twice: %C3%83%C2%A9 is a URL-encoded é – an accent that was first misread and then encoded. Mojibuster decodes the codes first and then repairs the mojibake. You end up with é again.
The option Also convert codes is already switched on on this page. It also converts HTML codes (é), e-mail codes (=C3=A9, typical for Outlook) and escape sequences from program code (\u00e9).
Decode it yourself in Excel, JavaScript, Python and PHP
- Excel: There is
ENCODEURL, but no function to reverse it. The easiest way: copy the column, paste it here, copy the result back. - JavaScript:
decodeURIComponent("caf%C3%A9")returnscafé. - Python:
urllib.parse.unquote("caf%C3%A9"), orunquote_plusfor form data with+as space – more in Python and pandas. - PHP:
rawurldecode(), orurldecode()for form data.
Frequently asked questions
What does %C3%A9 mean?
It is é in URL encoding: the two UTF-8 bytes C3 and A9, each with a % in front. Likewise, %C3%BC stands for ü and %C3%B1 for ñ.
What does %20 mean?
A space. Form data often uses + instead. Mojibuster leaves + alone, because in normal text it can be a real plus sign.
Are my links uploaded?
No. The conversion runs entirely in your browser. Links with tokens, e-mail addresses or other personal data never leave your device.
Why does 100% stay unchanged?
Mojibuster only converts sequences that result in a real special character. 100%, 50 % or a single %20 in otherwise normal text stay as they are.